创建MVVM示例项目

MVVMExample/App.axaml

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+<Application xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
+             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
+             x:Class="MVVMExample.App"
+             xmlns:local="using:MVVMExample"
+             RequestedThemeVariant="Default">
+             <!-- "Default" ThemeVariant follows system theme variant. "Dark" or "Light" are other available options. -->
+
+    <Application.DataTemplates>
+        <local:ViewLocator/>
+    </Application.DataTemplates>
+  
+    <Application.Styles>
+        <FluentTheme />
+    </Application.Styles>
+</Application>

MVVMExample/App.axaml.cs

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+using System.Linq;
+using Avalonia;
+using Avalonia.Controls.ApplicationLifetimes;
+using Avalonia.Data.Core;
+using Avalonia.Data.Core.Plugins;
+using Avalonia.Markup.Xaml;
+using MVVMExample.ViewModels;
+using MVVMExample.Views;
+
+namespace MVVMExample
+{
+    public partial class App : Application
+    {
+        public override void Initialize()
+        {
+            AvaloniaXamlLoader.Load(this);
+        }
+
+        public override void OnFrameworkInitializationCompleted()
+        {
+            if (ApplicationLifetime is IClassicDesktopStyleApplicationLifetime desktop)
+            {
+                // Avoid duplicate validations from both Avalonia and the CommunityToolkit. 
+                // More info: https://docs.avaloniaui.net/docs/guides/development-guides/data-validation#manage-validationplugins
+                DisableAvaloniaDataAnnotationValidation();
+                desktop.MainWindow = new MainWindow
+                {
+                    DataContext = new MainWindowViewModel(),
+                };
+            }
+
+            base.OnFrameworkInitializationCompleted();
+        }
+
+        private void DisableAvaloniaDataAnnotationValidation()
+        {
+            // Get an array of plugins to remove
+            var dataValidationPluginsToRemove =
+                BindingPlugins.DataValidators.OfType<DataAnnotationsValidationPlugin>().ToArray();
+
+            // remove each entry found
+            foreach (var plugin in dataValidationPluginsToRemove)
+            {
+                BindingPlugins.DataValidators.Remove(plugin);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

MVVMExample/MVVMExample.csproj

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+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
+    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+    <BuiltInComInteropSupport>true</BuiltInComInteropSupport>
+    <ApplicationManifest>app.manifest</ApplicationManifest>
+    <AvaloniaUseCompiledBindingsByDefault>true</AvaloniaUseCompiledBindingsByDefault>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Folder Include="Models\" />
+    <AvaloniaResource Include="Assets\**" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia" Version="11.3.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Desktop" Version="11.3.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Themes.Fluent" Version="11.3.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Fonts.Inter" Version="11.3.0" />
+    <!--Condition below is needed to remove Avalonia.Diagnostics package from build output in Release configuration.-->
+    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Diagnostics" Version="11.3.0">
+      <IncludeAssets Condition="'$(Configuration)' != 'Debug'">None</IncludeAssets>
+      <PrivateAssets Condition="'$(Configuration)' != 'Debug'">All</PrivateAssets>
+    </PackageReference>
+    <PackageReference Include="CommunityToolkit.Mvvm" Version="8.2.1" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+</Project>

MVVMExample/Program.cs

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+using System;
+using Avalonia;
+
+namespace MVVMExample
+{
+    internal sealed class Program
+    {
+        // Initialization code. Don't use any Avalonia, third-party APIs or any
+        // SynchronizationContext-reliant code before AppMain is called: things aren't initialized
+        // yet and stuff might break.
+        [STAThread]
+        public static void Main(string[] args) => BuildAvaloniaApp()
+            .StartWithClassicDesktopLifetime(args);
+
+        // Avalonia configuration, don't remove; also used by visual designer.
+        public static AppBuilder BuildAvaloniaApp()
+            => AppBuilder.Configure<App>()
+                .UsePlatformDetect()
+                .WithInterFont()
+                .LogToTrace();
+    }
+}

MVVMExample/ViewLocator.cs

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+using System;
+using Avalonia.Controls;
+using Avalonia.Controls.Templates;
+using MVVMExample.ViewModels;
+
+namespace MVVMExample
+{
+    public class ViewLocator : IDataTemplate
+    {
+
+        public Control? Build(object? param)
+        {
+            if (param is null)
+                return null;
+
+            var name = param.GetType().FullName!.Replace("ViewModel", "View", StringComparison.Ordinal);
+            var type = Type.GetType(name);
+
+            if (type != null)
+            {
+                return (Control)Activator.CreateInstance(type)!;
+            }
+
+            return new TextBlock { Text = "Not Found: " + name };
+        }
+
+        public bool Match(object? data)
+        {
+            return data is ViewModelBase;
+        }
+    }
+}

MVVMExample/ViewModels/MainWindowViewModel.cs

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+namespace MVVMExample.ViewModels
+{
+    public partial class MainWindowViewModel : ViewModelBase
+    {
+        public string Greeting { get; } = "Welcome to Avalonia!";
+    }
+}

MVVMExample/ViewModels/ViewModelBase.cs

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+using CommunityToolkit.Mvvm.ComponentModel;
+
+namespace MVVMExample.ViewModels
+{
+    public class ViewModelBase : ObservableObject
+    {
+    }
+}

MVVMExample/Views/MainWindow.axaml

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+<Window xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
+        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
+        xmlns:vm="using:MVVMExample.ViewModels"
+        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
+        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
+        mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="800" d:DesignHeight="450"
+        x:Class="MVVMExample.Views.MainWindow"
+        x:DataType="vm:MainWindowViewModel"
+        Icon="/Assets/avalonia-logo.ico"
+        Title="MVVMExample">
+
+    <Design.DataContext>
+        <!-- This only sets the DataContext for the previewer in an IDE,
+             to set the actual DataContext for runtime, set the DataContext property in code (look at App.axaml.cs) -->
+        <vm:MainWindowViewModel/>
+    </Design.DataContext>
+
+    <TextBlock Text="{Binding Greeting}" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
+
+</Window>

MVVMExample/Views/MainWindow.axaml.cs

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+using Avalonia.Controls;
+
+namespace MVVMExample.Views
+{
+    public partial class MainWindow : Window
+    {
+        public MainWindow()
+        {
+            InitializeComponent();
+        }
+    }
+}

MVVMExample/app.manifest

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<assembly manifestVersion="1.0" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
+  <!-- This manifest is used on Windows only.
+       Don't remove it as it might cause problems with window transparency and embedded controls.
+       For more details visit https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/sbscs/application-manifests -->
+  <assemblyIdentity version="1.0.0.0" name="MVVMExample.Desktop"/>
+
+  <compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
+    <application>
+      <!-- A list of the Windows versions that this application has been tested on
+           and is designed to work with. Uncomment the appropriate elements
+           and Windows will automatically select the most compatible environment. -->
+
+      <!-- Windows 10 -->
+      <supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}" />
+    </application>
+  </compatibility>
+</assembly>